• info@termvisnyk.iul-nasu.org.ua
  • +38 (044) 278 43 90
  • ISSN 2221-8807
site Institute of the Ukrainian Language
» HYPONYMY AND HYPERNYMY IN THE MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY SYSTEM WITH SOMATIC COMPONENTS

HYPONYMY AND HYPERNYMY IN THE MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY SYSTEM WITH SOMATIC COMPONENTS

Нalyna Нermanovych

Information about the author:  Candidate of Philological Sciences, assistant of the Department of Social and Humanitarian Disciplines, Communal Institution of Higher Education of Lviv Regional Council «Andrey Krupynsky Lviv Medical Academy”

e-mail: germanovich_galina@i.ua

https://doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2023-7-20

Title: TERMS FOR THE DESIGNATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS IN A. KRYMSKYI’S “UKRAINIAN GRAMMAR”

Rubric: NATURAL SCIENCES

Language: Ukrainian

Abstract: The article studies hyper-hyponymic relations in the medical somatic lexicon. Terms, as specially created nominative units, are  intended not only to express the essence of the concept but also to convey relations between them – genus-species, part-whole, spatial or
temporal contiguity, etc. Hence, the presence of a hyponymic paradigm as one of the most important categories that shape terminological  structures.
No terminology system can do without relationships between genus and species, so their study as a lexical-semantic category is associated  with its use for describing various groups of vocabulary, semantic fields. Studying the principles and regularities of the inclusion of lexemes  in certain classes contributes to organizing vocabulary, describing its thematic connections, which reflects systemic relationships between the realities of the world.
All the types of relationships between the components of hyper-hyponymic groups are subordinated exclusively to a hierarchical structure.  Correct (hypernym has two hyponyms) and incorrect (hypernym has more than two hyponyms) hyponymic series are presented. However, the material of the medical terminology system with somatic components is extremely rich in such subordination. Most hypernyms have 10  or even 40 hyponyms.
Intersecting relationships, in which a term is a hyponym of one field and a hypernym of another, confirm the systemic nature of genus-species relationships within a certain semantic cluster of terminological units.
Depending on a number of features by which a generic term is specified, hyper-hyponymic groups and structures are distinguished in the  form of: a simple hierarchical tree; an expanded hierarchical tree; a combination of simple and extended hierarchical trees.
Hyponyms can have not only a two-word, but also a multi-word structure.
Hyponymy is characterized by a one-sided substitution of a hyponym with a hypernym, but not vice versa. This type of relationship contributes to the systemic organization of this vocabulary, its structuring, and logical subordination.

Keywords: hypernymy, hyponymy, semantic relations, genus-species relations, hypernym, hyponym, medical terms-composites of somatic direction.

References

  1. Kocherhan, M.P. (2006). Zahalne movoznavstvo [General linguistics]. Kyiv: Akademiia (in Ukr.).
  2. Polshchykova, O.M. (2010). Hipero-hiponimichni vidnoshennia v ukrainskii telekomunikatsiinii terminolohii [Hyper-hyponymic  relations in Ukrainian telecommunications terminology]. Naukovyi chasopys Natsionalnoho pedahohichnoho universytetu imeni M.P.  Drahomanova [Scientific Journal of M.P. Drahomanov National Pedagogical University], 6, 209–213 (in Ukr.).
  3. Romanova, O.O. (2007). Hipero-hiponimiia v ukrainskii shvatskii terminolohii [Hipero-hyponymy in Ukrainian-Swedish terminology].  Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu im. V.N. Karazina [Bulletin of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University], 50, 32–35 (in Ukr.).
  4. Shapran, D.P. Hipero-hiponimichni vidnoshennia v ukrainskii marketynhovii terminosystemi [Hyper-hyponymic relationships in  Ukrainian market terminology system]. Retrieved from http://litmisto.org.ua/?p=7925 (in Ukr.).
  5. Yatsenko, N.O. (2009). Formuvannia nazv viiskovoho odiahu v ukrainskii movi [Formation of names of military clothes in Ukrainian  language.]. Kyiv: Іnstytut ukrainskoi movy; Vydavnychyi dim Dmytra Buraho (in Ukr.).

Legend

УЛАМТС – Petrukh, L. & Pavlovskyi, M. (Ed.). (1995). Ukrainsko-latynsko-anhliiskyi medychnyi tlumachnyi slovnyk [Ukrainian-Latin- English medical explanatory dictionary] (Vol. 1–2). Lviv: Vydavn. spilka «Slovnyk» Lviv. med. un-tu.